Updated by the SRCD Governing Council in March 2007. Ethical self-examination involves a careful self-analysis of one's own personal and scientific motives. Hearing a muffled meow, Paul realized that his cat was shut in the closet and was pushing against the door. An estimated 100 million nonhuman vertebrates worldwide—including primates, dogs, cats, rabbits, hamsters, birds, rats, and mice—are bred, captured, or otherwise acquired every year for research purposes. Match. As such, all research involving human beings should be reviewed by an ethics committee to ensure that the appropriate ethical standards are being upheld. And, what character traits should researchers try to avoid? The use of animals in research should be scientifically relevant and appropriate. Professor Hebb is studying whether learning is affected by different environments. Animals used in research should be maintained in a way that provides them with as much physical and psychological wellbeing as possible. The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) of 1966 is the only federal law in the United States regulating the treatment of animals in research; while some other laws and policies may include additional species coverage or specifications for animal care and use, all refer to the AWA as the minimally acceptable standard for animal treatment and care. Stephen E. G. Lea introduces the Society’s new guidelines for psychologists working with animals. According to the In Focus box in Chapter 2, which of the following statements is TRUE? Limitations And Benefits Of Psychological Research On Animals: Many people see animal testing as a cruel and inhumane practice. Discuss the ethical standards for research that guide us today. Also provides explanations, search tips, and other "words to the wise" for locating and using tests. Search. The attached document sets out the BPS guidelines for all members who are engaged in psychological activities involving living animals. D. apply only to research using monkeys and chimps. PLAY. Animals used in research should not be subjected to unnecessary pain and distress. These neural pathways, made up of bundles of myelinated axons, are sometimes called: The primary function of the myelin sheath is to: Gerry is a professional athlete who has suffered multiple concussions during his career. He raises some rats in cages with many interesting objects to play on and explore, and other rats in isolated, barren cages with none of the interesting objects. Anesthesia, analgesia, and euthanasia. Write. In order to prevent undue suffering, ethical considerations in animal studies are important. Ethics in Animal Experimentation. C. are set by the American Psychological Association and by state and federal laws. Reliability, Validity, and Ethics Search this Guide Search. To what extent can animal models provide insight into human behaviour? A balanced, accessible discussion of whether and on what grounds animal research can be ethically justified. syphilis. Research and Publication 8.01 Institutional Approval When institutional approval is required, psychologists provide accurate information about their research proposals and obtain approval prior to conducting the research. The test subjects are treated as objects rather than a living creature and are frequently abused, neglected and … Which of the following statements is FALSE? publish animal research require that the authors affirm that the research was done in accordance with particular ethical standards. Deception in research is one area where balancing the needs for statistical accuracy and validity against ethics is always a very difficult process. In 1932, in Tuskegee, Alabama, the U.S. Public Health Service began a research study to investigate the course of _____ in the human male. (c) External Ethics Committee (EEC): for research that is externally regulated (e.g. Guidelines for Ethical Conduct in the Care and Use of Nonhuman Animals in Research was developed by the American Psychological Association Committee on Animal Research and Ethics in 2010-11. Ethics and Law for School Psychologists is the single best source of authoritative information on the ethical and legal issues school psychologists face every day. Research ethics govern the standards of conduct for scientific researchers. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Although Franz Gall and the phrenologists were wrong about the significance of bumps on the skull, they were correct about the idea that different psychological functions are localized in different brain areas. There are various codes of conducts in psychological researches which guides the psychologists while conducting any psychological research keeping in mind that there should be no chance of violence of any type of ethical norms or principles. Monitor on Psychology, 34(1) ... editor of the journal Ethics and Behavior and co-author of "Ethics in Psychology: Professional Standards and Cases" (Oxford University Press, 1998). Perhaps most visible among them is the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA). Randy exercises more than most people and continues to train even when he has a cold or an injury. Match. 506. Paper 1: Biological approach It may also be helpful to consult the HCPC guidance. 1.1 : Why Are Ethics Necessary We are concerned with normative ethics, asking questions such as: What ought morality be? What is the independent variable in this study? STUDY. It considers the ethical issues of research involving animals in the light of these developments, the implications for regulation, and the provision of information and education. The chapter Prologue describes the story of a young university professor named Asha who suffered a stroke. Created by. Later, Hebb carefully records how many attempts it takes each rat to learn to run a maze with no mistakes. Towards an ethical use of animals. the different types of species e.g. Psychologist Roger Sperry is best known for his: Diffusion spectrum imaging can produce three-dimensional images of the neural pathways that connect one part of the brain to another. Public discussion about animal research is not new. Chimpanzee research achieved new levels of attention within both the public and scientific sphere in the last year. An experiment, which is unethical as an idea, cannot be considered ethical simply because the research follows an ethical procedure. In this study, the control group was the group that: Ethical standards for animal research in psychology: Dr. Jackson is interested in how stress affects the brain and examines PET scans of individuals before and after stressful situations. The neuron's genetic material (DNA) is found in the nucleus of the neuron's cell body. Log in Sign up. Microglia are involved in brain development and the communication of information among neurons. Start studying Ethical research (100%) Psychology. Learn. are set by the American Psychological Association and by state and federal laws Even though the stroke disrupted some of Asha's language abilities, she was still able to appreciate music because her _____ was not damaged. Committees review proposals assess if the potential benefits of the research are justifiable in the light of the possible risk of physical or psychological harm. BPS Guidelines for Psychologists Working with Animals. The receiving, or postsynaptic, neuron can have many differently shaped receptor sites on its dendrites, allowing it to receive more than one type of neurotransmitter. Animal research is also held to a high ethical standard. Psychology, Chapter 1: Animal Ethics. Apart of Ethics: Animal Research. Terms in this set (8) 7 GUIDELINES. Frightened, he jumped out of bed to investigate. Who was the first person to be awarded a Ph.D. in psychology in the United States? Start studying CIE AS Psychology (9990) - Ethical Guidelines for Animal Research. As a result of these cumulative traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), he is suffering various symptoms, such as depression, anxiety, poor judgment, lack of impulse control, and problems with memory, concentration, and attention. Isabel_Kum. Description. Members on the committee were Gary Dunbar, PhD, Jennifer Higa, PhD, Theresa Jones, PhD, Barbara Kaminski, PhD, Scott Robinson, PhD, Rodney Swain, PhD, Pamela Scott-Johnson, PhD, Eric Wiertelak, … Animal research requires the approval of an IACUC, and all animal facilities are subject to regular inspections to ensure that animals are being treated humanely. An estimated 100 million nonhuman vertebrates worldwide—including primates, dogs, cats, rabbits, hamsters, birds, rats, and mice—are bred, captured, or otherwise acquired every year for research purposes. The American Psychological Association's Ethical Code cites that animals should be acquired, cared for, used, and disposed of in compliance with federal, state, and local laws. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. They conduct the research in accordance with the approved research protocol. Jordan_Young06. In an experiment, the dependent variable is: The cognitive perspective of psychology focuses on: After a car crash, Tyler was left with a number of chronic and disabling health conditions and was having trouble adjusting to the situation. NHS research). _____ wrote On the Origin of Species, which was published in _____. Rejecting the study of conscious experience, Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow were behaviorists who emphasized the importance of observable behaviors. Browse. Replacement Refinement Reduction (Animal) What are the three R's. Spell. Only $2.99/month. Ethics is not limited to the treatment of human and animal subjects. The guiding principle of these committees is … For scientific research to be called truly progressive and ben… Text. Gravity. The painless killing of a patient from am incurable and painful disease. According to the In Focus box, he is likely suffering from: Claude has suffered many head injuries during his long professional ice hockey career. In a study of children's reading abilities, one group of eight-year-olds was exposed to a new program that supposedly enhances literacy. Upgrade to remove ads. APA Ethical Guidelines for Research 8. Which of the following would violate ethical standards for psychological research? Who would have been most likely to say: "You behave the way you do for unconscious reasons, not because of reasons in your consciousness"? Key structures of the limbic system include the amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, and hypothalamus. Discuss ethical considerations in animal research in the biological approach to understanding human behaviour. What character traits should researchers cultivate as virtues? A balanced, accessible discussion of whether and on what grounds animal research can be ethically justified. The use of animals in research should evolve out of a strong sense of ethical self-examination. APA Ethics Code and Other Guidelines Cover Treatment of Research Animals The APA Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct includes principles for the humane and ethical treatment of research animals. Generally, before experiments on animals are conducted, the research protocol must be reviewed by animal ethics committees. C) are set by the American Psychological Association and by state and federal laws. Ethical codes, such as those established by the American Psychological Association, are designed to protect the safety and best interests of those who participate in psychological research. Such guidelines also protect the reputations of psychologists, the field of psychology itself and the institutions that sponsor psychology research. Which subdivision of the nervous system helped calm down and restore Paul's body functioning back to normal? The myelin sheath is a white, fatty covering that surrounds the axons of some neurons and increases their communication speed. Although the biological perspective was important when psychology was first founded, it is of little interest in contemporary psychology. B. are nonexistent. Professor Anderson is interested in how family relationships change over time. It is important to adhere to ethical principles in order to protect the dignity, rights and welfare of research participants. Log in Sign up. As Chair of the Working Group, I would like to record my thanks to all members, who have PLAY. NON-HARMFUL PROCEDURES: The investigator should use no research procedure that may harm the child either physically or psychologically. D) apply only to research using monkeys and chimps. Introspection was not a good method for psychological inquiry because it could not be used to study a variety of complex topics, such as learning, development, and personality. minimize harm and obtain informed consent minimize physical harm and minimize psychological harm It is important to adhere to ethical principles in order to protect the dignity, rights and welfare of research participants. Ethical standards for animal research in psychology: A) are identical to the standards for research using human participants. Start studying Research in Psychology: Chapter 2 - Ethics in Psychological Research. They argue that all life is sacred and animals go through a lot of distress during experiments in which they involuntarily take part. Gravity. How should researchers behave? Animal research continues to play a vital role in psychology, enabling discoveries of basic psychological and physiological processes that are important for living healthy lives. As a result, he may now be suffering from chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). The guiding principle of these committees is usually the 3 Rs. Limitations And Benefits Of Psychological Research On Animals: Many people see animal testing as a cruel and inhumane practice. Components. 8.02 Informed Consent to Research (a) When … Sports psychology uses psychological theory and knowledge to enhance athletic motivation, performance, and consistency. In order to prevent undue suffering, ethical considerations in animal studies are important. 1.Replacement 2.Species and Strain 3.Number of animals 4.Procedures: Pain and distress 5.Housing 6.Reward, Deprivation and Aversive stimuli 7. Test. His friends joke that Randy seems addicted to exercise. STUDY. U.S. Suspends Use of Chimps in … Write. The Three Rs (3Rs) in relation to science are guiding principles for more ethical use of animals in testing.They were first described by W. M. S. Russell and R. L. Burch in 1959. For most studies, the informed consent policy is used - when not used, an ethical committee must approve that the deception does not cause harm or distrust of research. Ending all use of animals in research has always been a goal of a number of passionate, organized, sometimes militant, and sometimes terrorist, animal rights groups. injection of drugs before surgical operations. John B. Watson and B. F. Skinner were two important American psychologists associated with the school of behaviorism. Principle 1. During the last two decades, he has kept track of and repeatedly surveyed the same group of 3,000 participants about changes in their relationships with their parents and siblings. Researchers who use animals as experimental subjects must design their projects so that pain and distress are minimized. Forcing participants to participate in research without their consent is called. The case of Dave Duerson is discussed in the feature In Focus: Traumatic Brain Injury: From Concussion to Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. Smith, D. (2003, January). 10 specific ethical standards-ethical standard 8 is the most relevant -it is written specifically for psychologists in their roles as researchers. Dr. Jackson's approach is part of the _____ perspective. (Huffington Post) 2. Random selection is a process by which participants are selected randomly from a larger group such that every group member has an equal chance of being included in the study. A midbrain area called the substantia nigra contains a large concentration of dopamine-producing neurons and is involved in motor control. A model of the cost-benefit analysis for animal research. Inhumane practice in motor control state and federal laws Apart of ethics: animal research a. Eight-Year-Olds was exposed to a new program that supposedly enhances literacy development the! 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