Oct 26, 2008 Caroline rated it really liked it. Gertrude Bell is best remembered for playing a key role in establishing modern-day Iraq after World War I. In 1888 Bell earned a degree from the University of Oxford. Gertrude Bell (1868-1926) is often dismissed simply as an intrepid lady explorer/amateur archaeologist: ‘The Daughter of the Desert or a kind of schoolgirl’s Lawrence of Arabia’, as H V F Winstone observes in his immaculately researched biography Gertrude Bell. Bell traveled to the Middle East for the first time in 1892 to visit her uncle, who was the British ambassador to Tehran in Persia (now Iran). Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell, CBE (1868-1926) was an English writer, political officer, traveller, archaeologist, and administrator. After the war, she was very involved in the political negotiations that divided the Arab world into new countries and established British political influence in the region. Gertrude Bell est née le 14 juillet 1868 à Durham, en Angleterre. Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell, CBE (14 July 1868 – 12 July 1926) was an English writer, traveller, political officer, administrator, spy and archaeologist who explored, mapped, and became highly influential to British imperial policy-making due to her knowledge and contacts, built up through extensive travels in Greater Syria, Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, and Arabia. When she was finally released, Arab hostility forced her to cut her journey short rather than continue to Riyadh as she had originally intended. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. She then went mountain climbing in the Alps and took two trips around the world with her brother. Her grand­fa­ther was the iron­mas­ter Sir Isaac Lowthian Bell, an in­dus­tri­al­ist and a Lib­eral Mem­ber of Par­lia­ment, in Ben­jamin Dis­raeli's sec­ond term. She was a multifaceted talent who used her experience from plenty of travels to the Middle East to frame and influence policies of the British Empire. She was transferred to Baghdad the following year, where she made her home for the rest of her life. She insisted, for the first time, that antiquities excavated should stay in the country of their origin, thereby ensuring that the National Museum of Iraq, which is her monument in the land she loved, would possess a splendid collection of Iraq’s own antiquities. Travels. In 1916 Bell was sent to Basra in Iraq as an assistant political officer. She never wrote a full account of this journey, though her literary output during the 20 years preceding World War I had been considerable, including Safar Nameh (1894), Poems from the Divan of Hafiz (1897), The Desert and the Sown (1907), The Thousand and One Churches (1909), and Amurath to Amurath (1911). She will lead a discussion of a book about Gertrude Bell, a British archaeologist, mountaineer, army officer, diplomat, and spy in World War I. She traveled through Syria to Cilicia and Konya in Asia Minor (Turkey). Bell died of an overdose of drugs on the night of July 11-12, 1926 at her home in Baghdad. Au Musée national d’Irak à Bagdad, dont Gertrude Bell fut à l’origine de la fondation et qui fut terriblement pillé suite à l’invasion américaine, il y avait autrefois un buste en sa mémoire sur lequel on pouvait lire: «Gertrude Bell, dont la mémoire sera toujours tenue en affection par les Arabes». Bell decided to return to Arabia to forget her unhappiness. Gertrude Bell, la femme qui a dessiné l’Irak Temps de lecture : 7 min. Gertrude Bell’s legacy is not recognized today, probably, because her personality and her achievements are still border-line for our epoch. This time she traveled to the city of Ha'il in the center of Arabia that had rarely been visited by Westerners. See Gertrude Bell: The Arabian Diaries, 1913-1914, by Gertrude Lowthian Bell, edited Rosemary O'Brien (already mentioned) and The Oxford Dictionary of National biography– though the the latter merely indicates that she worked for "military intelligence". Née en 1868 dans l'Angleterre victorienne, Gertrude Bell est l'une des scientifiques les plus pluridisciplinaires du 20e siècle : une des premières femmes diplômées d'Oxford, elle est archéologue, alpiniste, photographe, écrivain et analyste politique britannique. Gertrude Bell and William Buick turn away from the stands before winning The Weatherbys Bank Cheshire Oaks at Chester racecourse on May 05, 2010 in... Theodolite belonging to Gertrude Bell, The Gill Memorial 1913 awarded to Gertrude Bell, 1913. Gertrude Bell, from Her Personal Papers, 2 vols. Gertrude Bell: 7 Facts About Her Fascinating Life - Biography Gertrude Bell was born on July 14, 1868 in Washington New Hall, County Durham, England as Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell. Click and Collect from your local Waterstones or get FREE UK delivery on orders over £25. • Bell, Gertrude (1897). The British intelligence bureau in Cairo hired her as an advisor on Arabia. Some consider the present troubles in Iraq are derived from the lines Bell helped draw to create its borders. Bell wrote about her experiences in Syria: The Desert and the Sown, published in 1907. https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/gertrude-bell-30341.php Gertrude Bell, in full Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell, (born July 14, 1868, Washington Hall, Durham, Eng.—died July 12, 1926, Baghdad, Iraq), English traveler, administrator in Arabia, and writer who played a principal part in the establishment in Baghdad of the Hāshimite dynasty. She wrote a book about her experiences called Persian Pictures, A Book of Travels that was published in 1894. Noté /5. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. During the spring of 1900 she went to visit t… 1910 — Courtesy of Gertrude Bell Photographic Archive, Newcastle University. I thoroughly enjoyed reading the life of Gertrude Bell. Gertrude Bell’s brilliant career at Oxford, where she took a first in history in 1887, was followed by some time spent in Tehrān, where her uncle Sir Frank Lascelles was British minister. Born in 1868 into a world of privilege, Bell tur Explore books by Gertrude Bell with our selection at Waterstones.com. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Meet extraordinary women who dared to bring gender equality and other issues to the forefront. She was also a writer and an archaeologist. She also went to the Shi'ite holy city of Karbala. She was also a writer and an archaeologist. Gertrude Bell, a daughter of wealthy British parents, has no interest in the social life of the London elite. Letters from Baghdad: The Extraordinary Life and Times of Gertrude Bell, ... One example can be found in the 1983 first volume of William Manchester’s three-part biography of Winston Churchill, The Last Lion, where the caption for a famous photo of Bell, T.E. Bell returned in 1911 to revisit the great castle at Kheidir and crossed the desert between Damascus and Baghdad. The whole countryside turned out to try to find the thieves, but the objects reappeared on a rock above her camp. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Bell traveled to the Middle East for the first time in 1892 to visit her uncle, who was the British ambassador to Tehran in Persia (now Iran). The Desert and the Sown: Travels in Palestine and Syria by Gertrude Bell Paperback $12.25. They ordered her home instead (the young man died nine months later). Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. She was a key member in Brit Lisez des commentaires honnêtes et non biaisés sur les produits de la part nos utilisateurs. All Rights Reserved. Gertrude Bell — 2014-07-10 in Biography & Autobiography . She was at one time the most powerful woman in the British Empire: a nation builder, the driving force behind the creation of modern-day Iraq. She had become fluent in Arabic, Persian, French and German as well as also speaking Italian and Turkish. She has been called the female Lawrence of Arabia, which, while not inaccurate, fails to give Gertrude Bell her due. She visited many ruins along the way and became interested in archeology. It is not necessary to read the book to attend the event, but for those seeking winter reading, the book can be found online at various bookseller websites and is also available in Kindle format. In January 1905 Bell made her first extended trip to the Middle East. Gertrude Bell, whose insights and behind the scenes investigations as well as her appreciation for the Arab culture led to a remarkable life as an adopted daughter of Iraq make for fascinating journalism. Goodman, Susan. She died on July 12, 1926 in Baghdad, Mandatory Iraq. When war broke out in Europe in August 1914, Turkey, which then controlled all of the Middle East, joined Germany in the fight against Great Britain. Occupying Iraq has never been a straightforward affair. Archaeologist, linguist, and the greatest woman mountaineer of her age, in 1921 she drew the boundaries of the country that became Iraq. There is much debate on her death, but it is unknown whether th… Des milliers de livres avec la livraison chez vous en 1 jour ou en magasin avec -5% de réduction . Corrections? Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell CBE (14 July 1868 – 12 July 1926) was a British writer, traveller, political analyst, administrator in Arabia, and an archaeologist who mapped and identified Anatolian and Mesopotamian ruins. Along the way Bell was robbed of her money and, most importantly, her notebooks. Verified Purchase. Winstone] sur Amazon.fr. Short Biography. She wrote a book about her experiences called Persian Pictures, A Book of Travelsthat was published in 1894. Archaeologist, feminist, stateswoman and Iraq’s first director of antiquities, Gertrude Bell frequently traveled where no Western woman had gone before. Perhaps her greatest work was a masterly official report on the administration of Mesopotamia during the difficult period between the Armistice of 1918 and the Iraq rebellion of 1920. Bell was born on 14 July 1868 in Wash­ing­ton New Hall, County Durham, Eng­land – now known as Dame Mar­garet Hall – to a fam­ily whose wealth en­sured her ed­u­ca­tion and en­abled her travels. Ships from and sold by Amazon.com. She graduated with high honors in history. Gertrude Bell, in full Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell, (born July 14, 1868, Washington Hall, Durham, Eng.—died July 12, 1926, Baghdad, Iraq), English traveler, administrator in Arabia, and writer who played a principal part in the establishment in Baghdad of the Hāshimite dynasty. In 1892 Bell traveled to Tehran (now in Iran) to visit her uncle. She became friends with T.E. In 1909 she left from Aleppo in Syria and traveled through the valley of the Euphrates River to Baghdad, visiting Babylonian sites along the way. 5.0 out of 5 stars A REMARKABLE BIOGRAPHY OF GERTRUDE BELL. Her vast correspondence was published in an edited form in two volumes by her stepmother in 1927. Gertrude Bell is the sort of subject who requires both burdens to be carried well. The author, through the lens of the life of Miss Bell sheds much light on the current political climate in Iraq. History was one of the few subjects women were allowed to study, due to … Bell's uncle, Sir Frank Lascelles, was British minister at Tehran, Persia. And yet, as Winstone demonstrates, such labels fail to do justice to her or to her […] Gertrude Bell (1868-1926) was the best known traveler in the Middle East and Arabia in the years before World War I. Bell was very involved in the political negotiations that divided the Arab world into new countries and established British political influence in the Middle East. She described this journey in her book, Persian Pictures. - … A virago, she was an Edwardian Great Explorer of the stamp history usually records and lauds in men. In 1907 Bell returned to Asia Minor with the British archeologist Sir William Ramsay to help excavate early Christian churches. Photographie de marie crayon / national geographic. She was born in 1868 in the English countryside, into a world of privilege: a wealthy heiress, she could devote herself entirely to her passions … Updates? The book is entitled Queen of the Desert: A Biography of the Female Lawrence of Arabia, Gertrude Bell, written by Fergus Mason. Gertrude Bell stands between Samuel and pilot. This is the third biography that I've read on this remarkable woman and by far the best. GERTRUDE BELL. The Observer Biography books. Gertrude Bell's first love, however, was always archaeology, and as Honorary Director of Antiquities in Iraq, she established the now world-famous antiquities museum in Baghdad. Facing ill health and profound loneliness, Bell took a fatal dose of sleeping pills and died July 12, 1926, in Baghdad. After the war, she was very involved in the political negotiations that divided the Arab world into new countries and established British political influence in the region.

Lawrence (the famous "Lawrence of Arabia") and helped formulate the British strategy of encouraging the Arabs to revolt against the Turks. Returning to the political and intellectual salons in England and Europe for a decade, she did not until 1899 embark on the career of Arabian activities that made her famous. Gertrude Bell, A. and C. Black, 1958. James Buchan on the extraordinary life of Gertrude Bell… Everyone but editor Tiptoethrutheminefield seems to believe that Gertrude Bell was a spy. Click and Collect from your local Waterstones or get FREE UK delivery on orders over £25. The remarkable life of Gertrude Bell offers invaluable lessons on the state of Iraq today, … When she recovered, she heard that her younger brother Hugo had died of typhoid. The British intelligence bureau in Cairo hired her as an advisor on Arabia. The Victorian Age saw the emergence of many individuals who made a name for themselves by adventure and exploration around the world, but for a woman to achieve her feats was phenomenal; not only did she escape from the restraints that Victorian society imposed on women, but she also entered a man's world and excelled. They ordered her home instead (the young man died nine months later). In May 1892, after leaving Oxford, Bell travelled to Persia to visit him. In 1899 Bell studied Arabic in Jerusalem. Read and digest, Mr Blair. Née à New York d'un père dentiste émigré lituanien, elle a vu ses études bouleversées par les difficultés engendrées par la grande crise économique de 1929. Gertrude Bell was born into a wealthy family in the English county of Durham on July 14, 1868. Letters from Baghdad: The Extraordinary Life and Times of Gertrude Bell, a documentary from New York-based filmmakers Zeva Oelbaum and Sabine Krayenbuhl, opened … She described it as "a white skeleton of a town, standing knee-deep in the blown sand." Bell blamed herself for having been careless and causing all the difficulty. She visited Palestine and Syria in that year and was often back in the Middle East during the next decade, extending her travels to Asia Minor. This knowledge was to be of great value. Kann, Josephine. She was born into a wealthy family and was an excellent student. When the Turkish soldiers of the Ottoman government arrived, they found a nearby village deserted, the inhabitants having fled for fear of retribution. She visited Palesti… see review. Gertrude Bell : biography 14 July 1868 – 12 July 1926 Her work was specially mentioned in the British Parliament, and she was awarded the Order of the British Empire. Gertrude Bell - retrouvez toute l'actualité, nos dossiers et nos émissions sur France Culture, le site de la chaîne des savoirs et de la création. Gertrude Bell's tent, Saudi Arabia, 1913. … there’s never a dull moment in the peerless life of this trailblazing character." Gertrude Bell: Explorer, Archaeologist, Diplomat and Spy (2013) British "Queen of Iraq" rests in Baghdad cemetery Pierre angulaire de la création de l’Irak. She was a fearless trailblazer who spurned the comforts of Victorian England for a life of adventure and accomplishment, including extensive exploration through uncharted Arabia in the uneasy last days of the Ottoman Empire. In 1888 Bell earned a degree from the University of Oxford. Gertrude Bell : biography 14 July 1868 – 12 July 1926 Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell, CBE (14 July 1868 – 12 July 1926) was an English writer, traveller, political officer, administrator, archaeologist and spy who explored, mapped, and became highly influential to British imperial policy-making due to her skill and contacts, built up through extensive travels […] T E Lawrence and Gertrude Bell - Bell with the familiar cigarette in hand By the time of her death on 12th July 1926, she was very frail and very ill. Bouts of malaria had taken their toll, and Bell developed bronchitis and pleurisy in quick succession. Retrouvez Gertrude Bell: A Biography et des millions de livres en stock sur Amazon.fr. Gertrude Bell Biography also Gertrude Bell on her translations of Hafiz; Works by or about Gertrude Bell in libraries (WorldCat catalog) Archival material relating to Gertrude Bell listed at the UK National Archives; Selwood, Dominic. Bell briefly returned to Britain in 1925, and found herself facing family problems and ill health. She also started and directed the Iraq Museum. There, in 1913, Bell was held captive and robbed. Gertrude Bell Gertrude Margret Lowthian Bell, född 14 juli 1868 i Washington Hall, County Durham, England, Storbritannien, död 12 juli 1926 i Bagdad i Irak, var en brittisk forskningsresande och arkeolog. Gertrude Bell (1868-1926) was the best known traveler in the Middle East and Arabia in the years before World War I. Deux années plus tard, elle suit les troupes britanniques traversant la Mésopotamie en direction de Bagdad afin de chasser l’armée ottomane. Gertrude B. Elion a joué un grand rôle dans les progrès des sciences pharmacologiques aux États-Unis. Gertrude Bell Biography, Life, Interesting Facts. She spent much of the next decade travelling around the world, mountaineering in Switzerland, and developing a passion for archaeology and languages. Copyright © 2020 LoveToKnow. 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