Škampa Quartet. 7—an experience that helped him mold the effect of his work-in-progress. As often is the case with Dvořák, the orchestral version gives the work a new breadth. [5], Dvořák sketched the quartet in three days and completed it in thirteen more days, finishing the score with the comment "Thank God! Although he had written other chamber music during this period, a gap of twelve years separates the ‘American’ Quartet from his previous string quartet. Chamber Music for Strings by Antonín Dvořák; String Quartets. Antonin Dvořák (b Nelahozeves, Bohemia (now Czech Republic), September 8, 1841; d Prague, May 1, 1904) Symphony No. Dvořák composed the quartet in 1893 during a summer vacation from his position as director (1892–1895) of the National Conservatory in New York City. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_Quartet_No._12_(Dvořák) More than a hundred of his compositions have been issued on recordings, an unusually fine showing for a contemporary composer. In 2009, he was named Composer of the Year by Musical America, and from 2012 to 2015 he served as composer-in-residence at the New York Philharmonic. [20], Specific American influences have been doubted: "In fact the only American thing about the work is that it was written there," writes Paul Griffiths. He has also served as composer-in-residence for the Indianapolis Symphony, Baltimore Symphony, and Pittsburgh Symphony, as well as at the Santa Cecilia and Schleswig-Holstein Festivals (both of these at the invitation of Leonard Bernstein), the Tanglewood Festival, the Pacific Music Festival, and the Aspen Music Festival. 96, B. Allegro ma non troppo 2. "Bedrich Smetana and Antonin Dvorak" in, Hughes, 1967, p. 165, wrote that the quartet is "commonly known as the 'Nigger' quartet (although since that word has become taboo in the country of its origin the nickname has fallen somewhat into disuse)", Letter to Emil Kozanek, September 15, 1893, translated in. play. Still, these upsets did not impede his creativity, and during his final decade he produced a string of chamber masterpieces: the Second Violin Sonata (1916-17), the two Cello Sonatas (1917 and 1921), the Second Piano Quintet (1919-1921), the Piano Trio (1922-23), and the String Quartet (1923-24)—all of these being minor-key works. Lento. Program Notes: Dvořák spent Christmas 1895 at his country home at Vysoká, just outside Prague. [15][16][17], Dvořák wrote (in a letter he sent from America shortly after composing the quartet): "As for my new Symphony, the F major String Quartet and the Quintet (composed here in Spillville) – I should never have written these works 'just so' if I hadn't seen America. 1938) is often lyrical, with lines weaving in fascinating counterpoint, though it may include interludes of intense sonority and tension. Nonetheless, this quartet does not aspire to imitate Baroque music in its particulars, but rather builds on fundamental Baroque musical ideas, transforming them into an entirely modern work of chamber music. 96, The American, by Antonín Dvořák (Movements 1 and 4) by Antonín Dvořák Program Notes The Goldilocks Quartet by Leia Barrett (25 minutes) Music by J.S. In Tibbetts, John C., Ed., Interviewed by James Creelman, New York Herald, May 21, 1893, John Clapham. Accent: There is also something old-fashioned about the composer's seductive, gossamer sound, redolent of a Belle Époque salon and conveying a sense of restrained passion that lurks just beneath the polite surface; surely this is on display in the poignant Andantino. Christopher Rouse has provided this comment about the piece, which is scored for four percussionists: In Hawaiian mythology, Ku is perhaps the most fundamental and important of gods, occupying a place similar to that of Zeus in Greek mythology or Odin in Norse legend. Notably, Dvořák asked Americans to find inspiration in Native American and African American tunes and songs, encouragement he followed himself in such works as "New World Symphony," the "American" string quartet, and the haunting slow movement from his Sonatina for Violin and Piano. While it may seem that the Avalon String Quartet and the Amadè Chamber Camerata are jumping on the Florence Price bandwagon, it should be noted that Five Folk Songs in Counterpoint were on the Avalon programs for the 2017-2018 season well before Ms. Price was featured both in the Sunday New York Times and New Yorker Magazine in 2018. [6] The American Quartet proved a turning point in Dvořák's chamber music output: for decades he had toiled unsuccessfully to find a balance between his overflowing melodic invention and a clear structure. However, the pentatonic scale is common in many ethnic musics worldwide, and Dvořák had composed pentatonic music, being familiar with such Slavonic folk music examples, before coming to America.

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